Produktivitas Payang di Majene Sulawesi Barat
Abstract
Payang merupakan alat penangkap ikan pelagis kecil dan termasuk alat yang dilarang digunakan sesuai Kepmen KP 02 tahun 2015. Payang merupakan alat penangkap ikan dominan digunakan masyarakat dan sampai saat ini masih meresahkan nelayan karena belum ada penggantinya. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai Nopember 2019 di perairan Kabupaten Majene mengunakan metode survai. Dipilih 4 kapal secara acak dari kapal yang berpangkalan di pantai Majene. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi, jumlah dan jenis ikan tangkapan, jarak daerah penangkapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil tangkapan sangat bervariasi dari 0 sampai 482 ekor ikan. Jenis-jenis ikan hasil tangkapan meliputi ikan layang, selar bentong, tongkol. Daerah penangkapan bervariasi dari 3 – 20 mil dari pantai. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan hubungan nyata antara jumlah ikan hasil tangkapan dengan jarak daerah penangkapan tetapi korelasinya lemah. Faktor kondisi daerah penangkapan sangat mempengaruhi keberhasilan operasi penangkapan dan banyaknya ikan yang tertangkap. Banyak hasil tangkapan kosong akibat kegagalan oprasi penangkapan ikan. Produktivitas relative rendah, dimana dari 225 trip, tidak ada hasil tangkapan 20.4 %, 1-50 ekor 53.3 %, 50-100 ekor 15.1 %. >100 ekor 11.1%. Produktivitas yang rendah sangat erat hubugannya dengan kondisi angin pada saat penelitian.Kata kunci: payang, produktivitas, daerah penangkapan, Majene.Downloads
References
Anarson, R. 1998. Ocean fisheries management: implication for the volume and quality of fish supply. Fisheries Research, 34: 215-225.
Arimoto, T., Choi, SJ., and Choi, Y.G. 1999. Trends and Perspectives for Fishing Technology Research Towards the Sustainable Development. In Proceeding of 5th International Symposium on Efficient Application and Preservation of Marine Biological Resources. OSU National University, Japan. Pp 135-144.
Barros, H. M., Eskinazi-Lec, E. & Paranagua´, M. N. (2000). The disappearing fish: an understanding of sustainability among estuarine fishermen communities of Braganc¸a, Para´. Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management 3, 553–560.
Charles, A.T. 2001. Sustainable Fishery Systems. Blackwell Science. London. 370 p.
Effendie, M.I. 1997. Biologi Perikanan. Yayasan Pustaka Nusantara. Yokyakarta. 163 hlm.
FAO. 1995. Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries. FAO Fisheries Department. 24 p. (Online) (http://fao/fisheries/code, diakses 9 Juli 2002).
Fujiwara M (2012) Demographic Diversity and Sustainable Fisheries. PLoS ONE 7(5): e34556. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034556.
Johnson AF, Moreno-BaÂez M, Giron-Nava, A, Corominas J, Erisman B, Ezcurra E, et al. (2017). A spatial method to calculate small-scale fisheries effort in data poor scenarios. PLoS ONE 12(4): e0174064. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0174064
Kepmen KP No.2 Tahun 2015. Tentang Larangan Penggunaan Alat Penangkapan Ikan Pukat Hela (Trawls) Dan Pukat Tarik (Seine Nets) Di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia.
Konstantinos I. Stergioua, Karim Erzinib. 2002. Comparative fixed gear studies in the Cyclades (Aegean Sea): size selectivity of small-hook longlines and monofilament gill nets. Fisheries Research 58 (2002) 25–40
Luo Q, Zhao L, Hu J, Jin H, Liu Z, Zhang L (2017) The scoring bias in reverse docking and the score normalization strategy to improve success rate of target fishing. PLoS ONE 12(2): e0171433. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0171433
Meintzer P, Walsh P, Favaro B (2018). Comparing catch efficiency of five models of pot for use in a Newfoundland and Labrador cod fishery. PLoS ONE 13(6): e0199702. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199702.
Najamuddin, 2013. Kajian pemanfaatan sumberdaya ikan layang (Decapterus spp) yang berkelanjutan di perairan Selat Makassar. IPB Pres Bogor
Najamuddin, dan, Budimawan,. 2004. Pendugaan ukuran pertama kali matang gonad ikan layang (Decapterus russelli) di perairan Selat Makassar. Bulletin Torani. Vol 14 (3): 133-140.
Najamuddin. 2005. Modification of Payang Design For Sustainable Catch Of Scad Fisheries In South Sulawesi. Torani, 15 (5) : 336-343.
Najamuddin. 2012. Rancangbangun Alat Penangkapan Ikan. Penerbit Arus Timur. Makassar. 190 hal.
Nomura, M. 1981. Fishing Techniques (2). Japan International Cooperation Agency. Tokyo. 183p.
Nomura, M. and Yamazaki, T. 1977. Fishing Techniques (1). Japan International Cooperation Agency. Tokyo. 206p.
Robertson, J.H.B., Stewart, P.A.M., 1988. A comparison of size selection of haddock and plaice by square and diamond mesh codends. J. Constr. Int. Explor. Mer. 44, 148–161.
Santos J, Herrmann B, Stepputtis D, GuÈnther C, Limmer B, Mieske B, et al. (2018). Predictive framework for codend size selection of brown shrimp (Crangon crangon) in the North Sea beam-trawl fishery. PLoS ONE 13(7): e0200464. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200464
Starr RM, Gleason MG, Marks CI, Kline D, Rienecke S, Denney C, et al. (2016) Targeting Abundant Fish Stocks while Avoiding Overfished Species: Video and Fishing Surveys to Inform Management after Long-Term Fishery Closures. PLoS ONE 11(12): e0168645. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0168645
Steel, R.G.D. and Torrie, J.H. 1991. Principle and Procedure of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach. 2nd Edit.. McGraw-Hill Intern. Book Company. 633pp.
Stergiou, K. I. (2002). Overfishing, tropicalization of fish stocks, uncertainty and ecosystem management: resharpening Ockham’s razor. Fish. Res. 55, 1–9.
Udupa, KS. 1986. Statistical methods of estimating the size at first maturity in fishes. Fishbyte 4(2): 8-10. ICLARM.
Ueno, Y., Suyama, S. Kurita, Y. and Kumazawa, T. 2003. Design and operation methods of a mid-water trawl for quantitative sampling of a surface pelagic fish, Pasific saury (Cololabis saira). Fisheries Science. In press.
van Marlen, B. 2003. Improving the selectivity of beam trawls in the Netherlands: the effect of large mesh top panels on the catch rates of sole, plaice and whiting. Fisheries Research, 63 : 155-168.
Vanconcellosa, M and Gasalla, M.A. 2001. Fisheries catches and the carrying capacity of marine ecosystem in southern Brazil. Fisheries Research, 50 : 279-295.
Walsh, S.J., Millar, R.B., Cooper, C.G., Hickey, W.M., 1992. Codend selection in American plaice: diamond versus square mesh. Fish. Res. 13, 235–254.
WCED (World Commision on Environment and Development). 1987. Our Common Future. Oxford University Press. Oxford.
Yamamoto, T., Mukaida, Y., Puspito, G., Hiraishi, T. and Nashimoto, K. 1996. A scale effect evaluated by drag measurement comparisons between prototype plane net and one-fifth model based on Tauti’s law. Fisheries Science : 62(4), 561-565.
Najamuddin, Palo, M., Assir, A., Asni, A., & Busman. (2019). Analysis of biological aspects of Scottish seine net catches in Mamuju waters, West Sulawesi. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 370(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/370/1/012036
